This cycle continued with the emission of trachytes, phonolites and peralkaline rocks. This is called the "Old Cycle" and is estimated to have lasted some 200,000 years and have emitted about 1,000 km 3 (240 cu mi), mostly of fissural alkali basalt. The coastline measures 236 km.Ībout 80% of the volume of the island was formed during the Miocene period eruptions, between 14 and 9 million years ago. Gran Canaria's maximum elevation is 1,956 metres (6,417 ft) at Morro de la Agujereada, although the nearby Pico de las Nieves has traditionally been considered the island's tallest peak. It has a round shape, with a diameter of approximately 50 km (31 mi) and a surface area of 1,560 km 2 (600 sq mi). The island is of volcanic origin, mostly made of fissure vents. Gran Canaria is located in the Canary Islands archipelago southeast of Tenerife and west of Fuerteventura. Geography Topography of Gran Canaria Gran Canaria 3D Jean de Béthencourt named the island Gran Canaria as the people on the island were valorous opponents to his conquest. A more plausible assumption is that the islands name derives from the people Canario or Canarii living near the Atlas mountain range. Another source suggested the way the natives ate fish was doglike and this was the reason for its name. This opinion is disputed as when the Europeans arrived on the island, no dogs were found. Pliny claimed that the island was named for the dogs on the island, of which two were presented as a gift to Juba, King of Mauretania. This led to the Tenerife airport disaster. Flights were diverted to the nearby Tenerife Airport. On 27 March 1977, a bomb went off in Gran Canaria Airport, the main airport on the island. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria is, jointly with Santa Cruz de Tenerife, the capital of the autonomous community of the Canary Islands. In 1492, Christopher Columbus anchored in the Port of Las Palmas (and spent some time on the island) on his first trip to the Americas. The capital city of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria was founded on June 24, 1478, under the name "Real de Las Palmas", by Juan Rejón, head of the invading Castilian army. The conquest succeeded after a campaign that lasted five years, and it was an important step towards the expansion of the unified Spain. In the medieval period, after over a century of European incursions and attempts at conquest, the island was conquered on April 29, 1483, by the Crown of Castile, under Queen Isabella I. In antiquity, Gran Canaria was populated by the North African Canarii, who may have arrived as early as 500 BC. Gran Canaria is also the third most populated island in Spain. mi) and an altitude of 1,956 m (6,417 ft) at Morro de la Agujereada, Gran Canaria is the third largest island of the archipelago in both area and altitude. Gran Canaria is located in the Atlantic Ocean in a region known as Macaronesia about 150 kilometres (93 mi) off the northwestern coast of Africa and about 1,350 km (840 mi) from Europe. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, the capital of the island, is the biggest city of the Canary Islands and the ninth of Spain. As of 2019 the island had a population of 851,231 that constitutes approximately 40% of the population of the archipelago. Gran Canaria ( UK: / ˌ ɡ r æ n k ə ˈ n ɛər i ə, - ˈ n ɑːr-/, US: / ˌ ɡ r ɑː n k ə ˈ n ɑːr i ə, - ˈ n ɛər-/ Spanish pronunciation: ), also Grand Canary Island, is the third-largest and second-most-populous island of the Canary Islands, an archipelago off the Atlantic coast of Northwest Africa and is part of Spain. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (pop. 379,925)
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